626 lines
25 KiB
Python
626 lines
25 KiB
Python
"""
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币安客户端封装 - 提供异步交易接口
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"""
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import asyncio
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import logging
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from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Any
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from binance import AsyncClient, BinanceSocketManager
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from binance.exceptions import BinanceAPIException
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try:
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from . import config
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except ImportError:
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import config
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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class BinanceClient:
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"""币安客户端封装类"""
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def __init__(self, api_key: str = None, api_secret: str = None, testnet: bool = False):
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"""
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初始化币安客户端
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Args:
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api_key: API密钥
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api_secret: API密钥
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testnet: 是否使用测试网
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"""
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self.api_key = api_key or config.BINANCE_API_KEY
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self.api_secret = api_secret or config.BINANCE_API_SECRET
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self.testnet = testnet or config.USE_TESTNET
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self.client: Optional[AsyncClient] = None
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self.socket_manager: Optional[BinanceSocketManager] = None
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self._symbol_info_cache: Dict[str, Dict] = {} # 缓存交易对信息
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self._last_request_time = {} # 记录每个API端点的最后请求时间
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self._request_delay = 0.1 # 请求间隔（秒），避免频率限制
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self._semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(10) # 限制并发请求数
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self._price_cache: Dict[str, Dict] = {} # WebSocket价格缓存 {symbol: {price, volume, changePercent, timestamp}}
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self._price_cache_ttl = 60 # 价格缓存有效期（秒）
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async def connect(self, timeout: int = None, retries: int = None):
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"""
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连接币安API
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Args:
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timeout: 连接超时时间（秒），默认从config读取
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retries: 重试次数，默认从config读取
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"""
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timeout = timeout or config.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT
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retries = retries or config.CONNECTION_RETRIES
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last_error = None
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for attempt in range(retries):
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try:
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logger.info(
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f"尝试连接币安API (第 {attempt + 1}/{retries} 次, "
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f"测试网: {self.testnet}, 超时: {timeout}秒)..."
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)
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# 创建客户端
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self.client = await AsyncClient.create(
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api_key=self.api_key,
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api_secret=self.api_secret,
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testnet=self.testnet
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)
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# 测试连接（带超时）
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try:
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await asyncio.wait_for(self.client.ping(), timeout=timeout)
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except asyncio.TimeoutError:
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await self.client.close_connection()
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raise asyncio.TimeoutError(f"ping超时 ({timeout}秒)")
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self.socket_manager = BinanceSocketManager(self.client)
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logger.info(f"✓ 币安客户端连接成功 (测试网: {self.testnet})")
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# 验证API密钥权限
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await self._verify_api_permissions()
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return
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except asyncio.TimeoutError as e:
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last_error = f"连接超时: {e}"
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logger.warning(f"连接超时，剩余 {retries - attempt - 1} 次重试机会")
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if attempt < retries - 1:
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await asyncio.sleep(2) # 等待2秒后重试
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except Exception as e:
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last_error = str(e)
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logger.warning(f"连接失败: {e}，剩余 {retries - attempt - 1} 次重试机会")
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if self.client:
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try:
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await self.client.close_connection()
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except:
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pass
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if attempt < retries - 1:
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await asyncio.sleep(2)
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error_msg = f"连接币安API失败 (已重试 {retries} 次): {last_error}"
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logger.error("=" * 60)
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logger.error(error_msg)
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logger.error("=" * 60)
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logger.error("故障排查建议：")
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logger.error("1. 检查网络连接是否正常")
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logger.error("2. 检查API密钥是否正确")
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logger.error("3. 如果在中国大陆，可能需要使用代理或VPN")
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if self.testnet:
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logger.error("4. 测试网地址可能无法访问，尝试设置 USE_TESTNET=False")
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logger.error("5. 检查防火墙设置")
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logger.error("=" * 60)
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raise ConnectionError(error_msg)
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async def _verify_api_permissions(self):
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"""
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验证API密钥权限
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"""
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try:
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# 尝试获取账户信息来验证权限
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await self.client.futures_account()
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logger.info("✓ API密钥权限验证通过")
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except BinanceAPIException as e:
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error_code = e.code if hasattr(e, 'code') else None
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if error_code == -2015:
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logger.warning("⚠ API密钥权限验证失败，可能无法进行合约交易")
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logger.warning("请检查API密钥是否启用了合约交易权限")
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else:
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logger.warning(f"⚠ API密钥验证时出现错误: {e}")
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async def disconnect(self):
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"""断开连接"""
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if self.client:
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await self.client.close_connection()
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logger.info("币安客户端已断开连接")
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async def get_all_usdt_pairs(self) -> List[str]:
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"""
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获取所有USDT交易对
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Returns:
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USDT交易对列表
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"""
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try:
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# 获取合约市场信息
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exchange_info = await self.client.futures_exchange_info()
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usdt_pairs = [
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symbol['symbol']
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for symbol in exchange_info['symbols']
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if symbol['symbol'].endswith('USDT')
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and symbol['status'] == 'TRADING'
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and symbol.get('contractType') == 'PERPETUAL' # U本位永续合约
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]
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logger.info(f"获取到 {len(usdt_pairs)} 个USDT永续合约交易对")
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return usdt_pairs
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except BinanceAPIException as e:
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logger.error(f"获取交易对失败: {e}")
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return []
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async def _rate_limited_request(self, endpoint: str, coro):
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"""
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带速率限制的API请求
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Args:
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endpoint: API端点标识（用于记录请求时间）
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coro: 异步协程
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"""
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async with self._semaphore:
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# 检查是否需要等待（避免请求过快）
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if endpoint in self._last_request_time:
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elapsed = asyncio.get_event_loop().time() - self._last_request_time[endpoint]
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if elapsed < self._request_delay:
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await asyncio.sleep(self._request_delay - elapsed)
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self._last_request_time[endpoint] = asyncio.get_event_loop().time()
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return await coro
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async def get_klines(self, symbol: str, interval: str = '5m', limit: int = 2) -> List[List]:
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"""
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获取K线数据（合约市场）
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Args:
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symbol: 交易对
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interval: K线周期
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limit: 获取数量
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Returns:
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K线数据列表
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"""
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try:
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klines = await self._rate_limited_request(
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f'klines_{symbol}_{interval}',
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self.client.futures_klines(symbol=symbol, interval=interval, limit=limit)
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)
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return klines
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except BinanceAPIException as e:
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error_code = e.code if hasattr(e, 'code') else None
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if error_code == -1003:
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logger.warning(f"获取 {symbol} K线数据失败: API请求频率过高，建议使用WebSocket或增加扫描间隔")
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else:
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logger.error(f"获取 {symbol} K线数据失败: {e}")
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return []
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async def get_ticker_24h(self, symbol: str) -> Optional[Dict]:
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"""
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获取24小时行情数据（合约市场）
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优先从WebSocket缓存读取，如果缓存不可用或过期则使用REST API
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Args:
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symbol: 交易对
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Returns:
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24小时行情数据
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"""
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import time
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# 优先从WebSocket缓存读取
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if symbol in self._price_cache:
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cached = self._price_cache[symbol]
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cache_age = time.time() - cached.get('timestamp', 0)
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if cache_age < self._price_cache_ttl:
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logger.debug(f"从缓存获取 {symbol} 价格: {cached['price']:.8f} (缓存年龄: {cache_age:.1f}秒)")
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return {
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'symbol': symbol,
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'price': cached['price'],
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'volume': cached.get('volume', 0),
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'changePercent': cached.get('changePercent', 0)
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}
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else:
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logger.debug(f"{symbol} 缓存已过期 ({cache_age:.1f}秒 > {self._price_cache_ttl}秒)，使用REST API")
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# 如果缓存不可用或过期，使用REST API（fallback）
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logger.debug(f"{symbol} 未在价格缓存中，使用REST API获取")
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try:
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ticker = await self._rate_limited_request(
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f'ticker_{symbol}',
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self.client.futures_symbol_ticker(symbol=symbol)
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)
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stats = await self._rate_limited_request(
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f'stats_{symbol}',
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self.client.futures_ticker(symbol=symbol)
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)
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result = {
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'symbol': symbol,
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'price': float(ticker['price']),
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'volume': float(stats.get('quoteVolume', 0)),
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'changePercent': float(stats.get('priceChangePercent', 0))
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}
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# 更新缓存
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import time
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self._price_cache[symbol] = {
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**result,
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'timestamp': time.time()
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}
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return result
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except BinanceAPIException as e:
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error_code = e.code if hasattr(e, 'code') else None
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if error_code == -1003:
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logger.warning(f"获取 {symbol} 24小时行情失败: API请求频率过高，建议使用WebSocket或增加扫描间隔")
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else:
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logger.error(f"获取 {symbol} 24小时行情失败: {e}")
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return None
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async def get_all_tickers_24h(self) -> Dict[str, Dict]:
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"""
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批量获取所有交易对的24小时行情数据（更高效）
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Returns:
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交易对行情数据字典 {symbol: {price, volume, changePercent}}
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"""
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try:
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# 使用批量API，一次获取所有交易对的数据
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tickers = await self._rate_limited_request(
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'all_tickers',
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self.client.futures_ticker()
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)
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result = {}
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for ticker in tickers:
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symbol = ticker['symbol']
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if symbol.endswith('USDT'):
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result[symbol] = {
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'symbol': symbol,
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'price': float(ticker.get('lastPrice', 0)),
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'volume': float(ticker.get('quoteVolume', 0)),
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'changePercent': float(ticker.get('priceChangePercent', 0))
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}
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logger.debug(f"批量获取到 {len(result)} 个交易对的24小时行情数据")
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return result
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except BinanceAPIException as e:
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error_code = e.code if hasattr(e, 'code') else None
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if error_code == -1003:
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logger.warning(f"批量获取24小时行情失败: API请求频率过高，建议使用WebSocket或增加扫描间隔")
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else:
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logger.error(f"批量获取24小时行情失败: {e}")
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return {}
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async def get_account_balance(self) -> Dict[str, float]:
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"""
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获取U本位合约账户余额
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Returns:
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账户余额字典 {'available': 可用余额, 'total': 总余额}
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"""
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try:
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account = await self.client.futures_account()
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assets = account.get('assets', [])
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usdt_asset = next((a for a in assets if a['asset'] == 'USDT'), None)
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if usdt_asset:
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return {
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'available': float(usdt_asset['availableBalance']),
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'total': float(usdt_asset['walletBalance']),
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'margin': float(usdt_asset['marginBalance'])
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}
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return {'available': 0.0, 'total': 0.0, 'margin': 0.0}
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except BinanceAPIException as e:
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error_code = e.code if hasattr(e, 'code') else None
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error_msg = str(e)
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logger.error("=" * 60)
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logger.error(f"获取账户余额失败: {error_msg}")
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if error_code == -2015:
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logger.error("=" * 60)
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logger.error("API密钥权限错误 (错误代码: -2015)")
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logger.error("可能的原因：")
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logger.error("1. API密钥无效或已过期")
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logger.error("2. API密钥没有合约交易权限")
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logger.error("3. IP地址未添加到API密钥白名单")
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logger.error("4. 测试网/生产网环境不匹配")
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logger.error("=" * 60)
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logger.error("解决方案：")
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logger.error("1. 登录币安账户，检查API密钥状态")
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logger.error("2. 确保API密钥已启用'合约交易'权限")
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logger.error("3. 如果设置了IP白名单，请添加当前服务器IP")
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logger.error("4. 检查 USE_TESTNET 配置是否正确")
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logger.error(f" 当前配置: USE_TESTNET = {self.testnet}")
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logger.error("=" * 60)
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elif error_code == -1022:
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logger.error("签名错误，请检查API密钥和密钥是否正确")
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elif error_code == -2010:
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logger.error("账户余额不足")
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else:
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logger.error(f"错误代码: {error_code}")
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return {'available': 0.0, 'total': 0.0, 'margin': 0.0}
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async def get_open_positions(self) -> List[Dict]:
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"""
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获取当前持仓
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Returns:
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持仓列表
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"""
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try:
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positions = await self.client.futures_position_information()
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open_positions = [
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{
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'symbol': pos['symbol'],
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'positionAmt': float(pos['positionAmt']),
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'entryPrice': float(pos['entryPrice']),
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'markPrice': float(pos.get('markPrice', 0)),
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'unRealizedProfit': float(pos['unRealizedProfit']),
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'leverage': int(pos['leverage'])
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}
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for pos in positions
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if float(pos['positionAmt']) != 0
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]
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return open_positions
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except BinanceAPIException as e:
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logger.error(f"获取持仓信息失败: {e}")
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return []
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async def get_symbol_info(self, symbol: str) -> Optional[Dict]:
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"""
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获取交易对的精度和限制信息
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Args:
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symbol: 交易对
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Returns:
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交易对信息字典，包含 quantityPrecision, minQty, stepSize 等
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"""
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# 先检查缓存
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if symbol in self._symbol_info_cache:
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return self._symbol_info_cache[symbol]
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try:
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exchange_info = await self.client.futures_exchange_info()
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for s in exchange_info['symbols']:
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if s['symbol'] == symbol:
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# 提取数量精度信息
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quantity_precision = s.get('quantityPrecision', 8)
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# 从filters中提取minQty、stepSize和minNotional
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min_qty = None
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step_size = None
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min_notional = None
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for f in s.get('filters', []):
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if f['filterType'] == 'LOT_SIZE':
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min_qty = float(f.get('minQty', 0))
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step_size = float(f.get('stepSize', 0))
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elif f['filterType'] == 'MIN_NOTIONAL':
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min_notional = float(f.get('notional', 0))
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# 如果没有从filters获取到minNotional，使用默认值5 USDT
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if min_notional is None or min_notional == 0:
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min_notional = 5.0
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info = {
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'quantityPrecision': quantity_precision,
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'minQty': min_qty or 0,
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'stepSize': step_size or 0,
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'minNotional': min_notional
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}
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# 缓存信息
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self._symbol_info_cache[symbol] = info
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logger.debug(f"获取 {symbol} 精度信息: {info}")
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return info
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logger.warning(f"未找到交易对 {symbol} 的信息")
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return None
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"获取 {symbol} 交易对信息失败: {e}")
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return None
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def _adjust_quantity_precision(self, quantity: float, symbol_info: Dict) -> float:
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"""
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调整数量精度，使其符合币安要求
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Args:
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quantity: 原始数量
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symbol_info: 交易对信息
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Returns:
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调整后的数量
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"""
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if not symbol_info:
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# 如果没有交易对信息，使用默认精度（3位小数）
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return round(quantity, 3)
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quantity_precision = symbol_info.get('quantityPrecision', 8)
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step_size = symbol_info.get('stepSize', 0)
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min_qty = symbol_info.get('minQty', 0)
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# 如果有stepSize，按照stepSize调整
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if step_size > 0:
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# 向下取整到stepSize的倍数（使用浮点数除法）
|
||
adjusted = float(int(quantity / step_size)) * step_size
|
||
else:
|
||
# 否则按照精度调整
|
||
adjusted = round(quantity, quantity_precision)
|
||
|
||
# 确保不小于最小数量
|
||
if min_qty > 0 and adjusted < min_qty:
|
||
# 如果小于最小数量，尝试向上取整到最小数量
|
||
if step_size > 0:
|
||
adjusted = min_qty
|
||
else:
|
||
adjusted = round(min_qty, quantity_precision)
|
||
logger.warning(f"数量 {quantity} 小于最小数量 {min_qty}，调整为 {adjusted}")
|
||
|
||
# 最终精度调整
|
||
adjusted = round(adjusted, quantity_precision)
|
||
|
||
if adjusted != quantity:
|
||
logger.info(f"数量精度调整: {quantity} -> {adjusted} (精度: {quantity_precision}, stepSize: {step_size}, minQty: {min_qty})")
|
||
|
||
return adjusted
|
||
|
||
async def place_order(
|
||
self,
|
||
symbol: str,
|
||
side: str,
|
||
quantity: float,
|
||
order_type: str = 'MARKET',
|
||
price: Optional[float] = None,
|
||
reduce_only: bool = False
|
||
) -> Optional[Dict]:
|
||
"""
|
||
下单
|
||
|
||
Args:
|
||
symbol: 交易对
|
||
side: 方向 'BUY' 或 'SELL'
|
||
quantity: 数量
|
||
order_type: 订单类型 'MARKET' 或 'LIMIT'
|
||
price: 限价单价格
|
||
|
||
Returns:
|
||
订单信息
|
||
"""
|
||
try:
|
||
# 获取交易对精度信息并调整数量
|
||
symbol_info = await self.get_symbol_info(symbol)
|
||
adjusted_quantity = self._adjust_quantity_precision(quantity, symbol_info)
|
||
|
||
if adjusted_quantity <= 0:
|
||
logger.error(f"调整后的数量无效: {adjusted_quantity} (原始: {quantity})")
|
||
return None
|
||
|
||
# 获取当前价格以计算名义价值
|
||
if price is None:
|
||
ticker = await self.get_ticker_24h(symbol)
|
||
if not ticker:
|
||
logger.error(f"无法获取 {symbol} 的价格信息")
|
||
return None
|
||
current_price = ticker['price']
|
||
else:
|
||
current_price = price
|
||
|
||
# 计算订单名义价值
|
||
notional_value = adjusted_quantity * current_price
|
||
min_notional = symbol_info.get('minNotional', 5.0) if symbol_info else 5.0
|
||
|
||
logger.info(f"下单检查: {symbol} {side} {adjusted_quantity} (原始: {quantity}) @ {order_type}")
|
||
logger.info(f" 当前价格: {current_price:.4f} USDT")
|
||
logger.info(f" 订单名义价值: {notional_value:.2f} USDT")
|
||
logger.info(f" 最小名义价值: {min_notional:.2f} USDT")
|
||
|
||
# 检查名义价值是否满足最小要求
|
||
if notional_value < min_notional:
|
||
logger.warning(
|
||
f"❌ {symbol} 订单名义价值不足: {notional_value:.2f} USDT < "
|
||
f"最小要求: {min_notional:.2f} USDT"
|
||
)
|
||
logger.warning(f" 需要增加数量或提高仓位大小")
|
||
return None
|
||
|
||
# 构建订单参数
|
||
order_params = {
|
||
'symbol': symbol,
|
||
'side': side,
|
||
'type': order_type,
|
||
'quantity': adjusted_quantity
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
# 如果是平仓订单，添加 reduceOnly 参数
|
||
if reduce_only:
|
||
order_params['reduceOnly'] = True
|
||
logger.debug(f"{symbol} 使用 reduceOnly=True 平仓订单")
|
||
|
||
if order_type == 'MARKET':
|
||
order = await self.client.futures_create_order(**order_params)
|
||
else:
|
||
if price is None:
|
||
raise ValueError("限价单必须指定价格")
|
||
order_params['timeInForce'] = 'GTC'
|
||
order_params['price'] = price
|
||
order = await self.client.futures_create_order(**order_params)
|
||
|
||
logger.info(f"下单成功: {symbol} {side} {adjusted_quantity} @ {order_type} (名义价值: {notional_value:.2f} USDT)")
|
||
return order
|
||
except BinanceAPIException as e:
|
||
error_code = e.code if hasattr(e, 'code') else None
|
||
if error_code == -1111:
|
||
logger.error(f"下单失败 {symbol} {side}: 精度错误 - {e}")
|
||
logger.error(f" 原始数量: {quantity}")
|
||
if symbol_info:
|
||
logger.error(f" 交易对精度: {symbol_info}")
|
||
elif error_code == -4164:
|
||
logger.error(f"下单失败 {symbol} {side}: 订单名义价值不足 - {e}")
|
||
logger.error(f" 订单名义价值必须至少为 5 USDT (除非选择 reduce only)")
|
||
if symbol_info:
|
||
logger.error(f" 最小名义价值: {symbol_info.get('minNotional', 5.0)} USDT")
|
||
else:
|
||
logger.error(f"下单失败 {symbol} {side}: {e}")
|
||
return None
|
||
|
||
async def cancel_order(self, symbol: str, order_id: int) -> bool:
|
||
"""
|
||
取消订单
|
||
|
||
Args:
|
||
symbol: 交易对
|
||
order_id: 订单ID
|
||
|
||
Returns:
|
||
是否成功
|
||
"""
|
||
try:
|
||
await self.client.futures_cancel_order(symbol=symbol, orderId=order_id)
|
||
logger.info(f"取消订单成功: {symbol} {order_id}")
|
||
return True
|
||
except BinanceAPIException as e:
|
||
logger.error(f"取消订单失败: {e}")
|
||
return False
|
||
|
||
async def set_leverage(self, symbol: str, leverage: int = 10) -> bool:
|
||
"""
|
||
设置杠杆倍数
|
||
|
||
Args:
|
||
symbol: 交易对
|
||
leverage: 杠杆倍数
|
||
|
||
Returns:
|
||
是否成功
|
||
"""
|
||
try:
|
||
await self.client.futures_change_leverage(symbol=symbol, leverage=leverage)
|
||
logger.info(f"设置杠杆成功: {symbol} {leverage}x")
|
||
return True
|
||
except BinanceAPIException as e:
|
||
logger.error(f"设置杠杆失败: {e}")
|
||
return False
|
||
|
||
def get_realtime_price(self, symbol: str) -> Optional[float]:
|
||
"""
|
||
获取实时价格（从缓存）
|
||
|
||
Args:
|
||
symbol: 交易对
|
||
|
||
Returns:
|
||
实时价格，如果缓存中有则返回，否则返回None
|
||
"""
|
||
import time
|
||
if symbol in self._price_cache:
|
||
cached = self._price_cache[symbol]
|
||
cache_age = time.time() - cached.get('timestamp', 0)
|
||
if cache_age < self._price_cache_ttl:
|
||
return cached.get('price')
|
||
return None |